A: Yes. We can provide CR123A replacement for Panasonic, featuring the same performance. 

A: Yes. We have the limno2 battery MSDS for different models. You can send mail to info@vtcbatt.com.

A: For LiMnO₂ battery disposal, you can’t drop the batteries into the regular household bins directly,which will cause a short circuit and fire.

 First, you need to fully discharge the batteries to 0V to avoid the risk of a short circuit. 

Some people even suggest salt immersion, which is actually proven to be invalid. 

Even if you want to store them, you need to keep batteries in a plastic bag or box instead of pockets or metal containers.

Second, you need to avoid any exposure to a leaked LiMnO₂ battery, especially sulfuric acid on skin and eyes, which will not only cause burns and irritation of the respiratory system, but also bad feelings of redness, tearing, and burns.

Third, you need to find a manganese dioxide battery disposal near you, while most supply stores, such as Best Buy, Home Depot, and Walmart, provide battery recycling trash.

Following the local battery disposal regulations to find “battery disposal near me” is the best way to dispose of the batteries. Otherwise, you have to find a hazardous waste company to dispose which are under a cost.

 A: Normally, the lithium-manganese dioxide (Li-MnO₂) batteries are not rechargeable, which is a primary lithium battery with the danger of being recharged. We only have ML2032 and ML1220 two rechargeable LiMnO₂ batteries.

Yes. We can assemble four cells of 3.0V LiMnO₂ cells to 12V packs, satisfying the 12V output voltage demand of different devices.

A: Thanks to the low self-discharge rate of 1% per month, the LiMnO₂ batteries can power a low-consumption device for 10 years. But the power consumption is higher, then the shelf life will be shorter.

• 1. Voltage difference
  Different from normal 3.6V or 3.7V lithium-ion batteries, Li-MnO₂ is a primary (non-rechargeable) battery with a 3.0V nominal voltage.
• 2. Battery raw materials difference
  Li-MnO₂ batteries use lithium metal as the anode and manganese dioxide as the cathode, while typical lithium-ion batteries use graphite as the anode and lithium cobalt oxide (or other intercalation compounds) as the cathode.
  The Li-MnO₂ battery also excels in a low self-discharge rate of about 1% per month, compared to roughly 3% per month for many lithium-ion cells.
• 3. Rechargeable or Non-rechargeable
  Normally, Li-MnO₂ batteries are non-rechargeable (primary), whereas common lithium-ion batteries are rechargeable (secondary).
• 4. Term difference
  “Lithium battery” is a broad category that includes Li-MnO₂ batteries and many other types: lithium metal batteries, lithium polymer, lithium-ion, lithium thionyl chloride, lithium sulfur dioxide, lithium carbon monofluoride, etc.
  The Li-MnO₂ cell is a specific type and appears in coin cells (e.g., CR2032, CR2450), cylindrical cells (e.g., CR123A, CR9V), and pouch cells (e.g., CP603450, CP503450).
• 5. Application difference
  Li-MnO₂ batteries are typically used in small devices such as hearing aids, watches, cameras, calculators, and electronic scales.
  Lithium-ion batteries are used much more widely — solar systems, lighting, energy storage, EVs, phones, power tools, laptops — applications for which Li-MnO₂ is generally unsuitable.
• 6. Price difference
  Generally, Li-MnO₂ batteries are much cheaper than rechargeable lithium-ion batteries and are commonly available at retail stores (e.g., Best Buy, Home Depot, Walmart). Rechargeable lithium-ion packs for power tools, phones, laptops, and EVs are usually sold through more specialized or industrial channels.

    Yes. We have plenty of stock of this CR2035 battery, and you can also get it directly from our worldwide dealers.

Optimize your power design by balancing primary Li-MnO2 electrochemistry with your device’s physical space constraints, dynamic current profiles, and operating temperatures. Use these 5 engineering steps to match your custom pack requirements. 

🛠️ The 5-Step Selection Protocol

Step 1: System Voltage

Li-MnO2 cells deliver a nominal OCV of 3.0V with a flat discharge plateau down to a 2.0V cut-off.

• 3V Single Cell: Powers low-power MCUs, LPWAN modules (LoRa/NB-IoT), and smart utility meters.
• 6V / 9V / 12V Packs: Series configurations (2S/3S/4S) for wireless valves, telematics, and medical hardware.

Step 2: Form Factor & Packaging

Enclosure space constraints dictate the cell architecture:

• Coin Cells (CR Series): Low-profile footprints for asset tags, RTC backups, and medical wearables.
• Cylindrical Cells: Choose Bobbin type for maximum capacity, or Spiral-wound type for continuous pulse loads.
• Pouch & Thin-Film: Flexible aluminum soft-packs down to 0.4mm thickness for smart cards and ESL tags.
• Custom Assemblies: Turnkey configurations in shrink-wrap or rigid ABS casings with custom wire harnesses.

Step 3: Load Profile & Current

Match the internal cell structure to your duty cycle to prevent premature voltage drops:

• Low Drain (< 10 mA): Optimized for micro-ampere sleep states and low-frequency telemetry. Uses bobbin construction.
• Pulse Loads (10mA} – 500mA): For wireless sensors with periodic RF/BLE transmission windows. Requires spiral cells to prevent voltage dips.
• High Pulse (> 500 mA): Built for cellular modems (LTE-M/GSM bursts) and motorized actuators. Delivers instant power with zero passivation delay.

Step 4: Operating Temperature

Thermal environments dictate the internal electrolyte formulation:

• Standard (0℃  +35℃ ): Indoor applications. Secures a 10-year shelf life.
• Sub-Zero (Down to -40℃ ): Utilizes low-viscosity organic electrolytes to maintain ion mobility.
• Extreme Heat (Up to +125℃ ): Features hermetic glass-to-metal seals for downhole drilling and automotive dashboard loggers.

Step 5: OEM/ODM Customization

We modify standard cells to match your production line integration requirements:

• Dimensions: Custom pouch sizing tailored to tight physical footprints.
• Connectors & Wires: Pre-terminated JST, Molex, or Hirose interfaces with specific AWG wire leads. Eliminates manual soldering.
• Labeling: Permanent customer branding, serial tracking codes, and international compliance marks (UL, CE, UN38.3).
• PCM/BMS Integration: Hardware-level protection circuit modules against external short-circuits and over-discharge.

💡 Engineering Checkpoint:

• Dynamic Loads: Verify pulse ratings if the hardware handles <5 μA sleep and >1A communication bursts.
• Zero Passivation: The spiral-wound Li-MnO2 battery eliminates voltage delays in Li-SOCl2 batteries for instant power delivery.
• Pack Safety: Integrated PTC, NTC, and fuses enforce hard thermal and short-circuit protection boundaries.

Brazil Smoke Detector

Case 1: Supplied tens of thousands of CR123A (1600mAh) batteries to the leading smoke-detector manufacturer, Jxx, in Brazil. The project successfully met rigorous Latin American residential safety regulations, proving a dependable 10-year service life in the field.

Asset GPS Tracker CP Pouch Battery 

Case 2: Cooperated closely with a top-tier European tracker manufacturer. They deploy our ultra-thin CP pouch cells in global logistics GPS trackers. The batteries ensure stable power output and maintain reliable asset tracking even in extreme cold down to -30°C. 

Medical Device    

Case 3: High-capacity CR2450 coin cells integrated into critical medical monitors, guaranteeing a 5-year maintenance-free lifecycle with an ultra-low self-discharge rate. 

Military Electronics  

An Australian defense integrator uses our high-pulse-rate spiral Li-MnO2 cells for tactical telemetry nodes that experience extreme thermal shifts. The hardware requires zero-passivation power over a -40°C to +125°C temperature range. Laser-welded glass-to-metal seals prevent leakage during supersonic expansion, holding a stable 2.4V rail under sudden >1.5A bursts.

Yes. Li-MnO2 battery is classified as a lithium metal battery. It utilizes a solid lithium metal anode paired with a manganese dioxide cathode. Because it uses pure metallic lithium rather than lithium ions intercalated in graphite, it is strictly categorized as a primary (non-rechargeable) lithium metal cell under international transport and safety regulations (UN3090).

A CR battery is an IEC-designated primary (non-rechargeable) lithium manganese dioxide Li-MnO2 cell. In the ‘CR’ prefix, ‘C’ defines the lithium metal anode/manganese dioxide cathode chemistry, while ‘R’ denotes a round or cylindrical form factor. Operating at a 3.0V nominal rail, these cells are the global industry standard for low-power IoT assets, RTC backups, and automotive TPMS nodes due to their zero-passivation characteristics and 10-year shelf life. 

Both CR2032 and CR2450 share the identical 3.0V Lithium Manganese Dioxide Li-MnO2 chemistry and IEC classification; their practical divergence comes down to physical envelope volume, energy capacity, and load discharge boundaries:

• Dimensional Footprint: The naming convention dictates their physical boundaries (the first two digits denote diameter, the last two height). CR2032 measures 20.0 mm x 3.2 mm, while CR2450 measures 24.5 mm x 5.0 mm. Switching between them directly reshapes your PCB layout space and mechanical enclosure clearances.
• Capacity & Runtime Lifespan: A standard CR2032 delivers 220–240 mAh, whereas the larger CR2450 packs 600–620 mAh. For identical IoT sensor duty cycles, the CR2450 yields ~2.7x longer operating life, making it the benchmark selection for 5+ year maintenance-free deployment windows.
• Transient Pulse Handling: Thanks to a larger internal electrode surface area, the CR2450 doubles the load capability of the CR2032, supporting a maximum continuous current of 6.0 mA and a peak pulse rating of 30.0 mA. This prevents severe transient voltage sag during power-hungry BLE or RF data transmission windows.

     CR2032 vs CR2450 Engineering Table 

Yes. Li-MnO2 cells can explode under severe electrical or thermal abuse. They utilize a pure lithium metal anode paired with a flammable organic electrolyte. External short circuits or forced over-discharge trigger violent thermal runaway. Exceeding the separator’s melting point causes the same catastrophic breakdown. Rapid gas propagation drives internal pressure buildup. Industrial packs must deploy hardware-level safety boundaries. Integrated PCMs and thermal fuses isolate these electrical faults. Precision structural venting safely handles unexpected casing expansion. 

Li-MnO2 batteries have a 10-year shelf life under controlled storage. The chemistry maintains an annual self-discharge rate below 1% at room temperature. Ambient storage between +10°C and +25 °C optimizes long-term capacity retention. Temperatures exceeding +60 °C accelerate electrolyte decomposition and cause permanent degradation. Unlike Li-SOCl2 cells, Li-MnO2 does not develop a restrictive passivation layer. The cells deliver instantaneous pulse currents immediately after multi-year storage without voltage delay.

Yes, but only certain LiMnO2 battery models can operate below -40°C. The low temperature performance depends strictly on cell design. Standard Li-MnO2 cells suffer severe electrolyte crystallization and a capacity drop below -40°C. To handle these deep-freeze environments, we engineer specialized low-viscosity organic electrolyte formulations and high-pulse spiral architectures. These specific configurations maintain low internal resistance below -40°C.The battery can deliver steady burst currents without voltage rail collapse. Review your model numbers with our engineering team to verify compatibility with extreme-low-temperature conditions. 

Yes, but only certain LiMnO2 battery models can operate above 100 °C. Standard Li-MnO2 cells are prone to separator degradation and thermal runaway above 60°C. Not all models support high-temperature operation. For environments up to 125°C, we manufacture specialized cells utilizing hermetic glass-to-metal seals (GTMS) and modified electrolytes. These engineering controls prevent gas evolution and casing expansion. You must verify the operational thermal profiles with our team to determine the correct high-temperature part number.

Yes. We customize primary Li-MnO2 packs directly at our production facilities. Our team configures standard cells to match your hardware layout. We build custom multi-cell series or parallel assemblies in different voltages and capacities. Factory-welded JST, Molex, or Hirose connectors eliminate manual assembly soldering. We integrate dedicated hardware PCMs to safely handle wide-dynamic-range pulse loads. Send your mechanical boundaries and load duty cycles to lock down a production-ready specification. 

VTCBATT cells cross-reference directly with Tier-1 industrial brands. We match standard IEC, UL, and UN38.3 form factors to replace Panasonic, Maxell, Murata, and FDK. Our hardware aligns with their nominal 3.0V rails and internal resistance limits. This engineering parity simplifies global multi-sourcing. You can swap cells without altering PCB layouts or enclosure plastics. Email your current competitor part numbers to get the cross-reference datasheets. 

Do not recharge primary Li-MnO2 batteries. Forcing current into a lithium metal anode causes internal dendrite growth. These crystalline structures pierce the separator, triggering a direct short circuit. The resulting exothermic reaction leads immediately to thermal runaway. Rapid electrolyte vaporization drives severe pressure buildup, causing casing rupture, fire, or explosion. To prevent accidental charging from power rails, your circuit layout must integrate blocking diodes or hardware isolation.